United Kingdom Sealants Market Size
Icons | Lable | Value |
---|---|---|
Study Period | 2017 - 2028 | |
Market Size (2024) | USD 269.43 Million | |
Market Size (2028) | USD 336.21 Million | |
Largest Share by End User Industry | Building and Construction | |
CAGR (2024 - 2028) | 5.69 % | |
Fastest Growing by End User Industry | Healthcare | |
Market Concentration | Medium | |
Major Players |
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*Disclaimer: Major Players sorted in alphabetical order. |
United Kingdom Sealants Market Analysis
The United Kingdom Sealants Market size is estimated at 269.43 million USD in 2024, and is expected to reach 336.21 million USD by 2028, growing at a CAGR of 5.69% during the forecast period (2024-2028).
269.43 Million
Market Size in 2024 (USD)
336.21 Million
Market Size in 2028 (USD)
2.98 %
CAGR (2017-2023)
5.69 %
CAGR (2024-2028)
Largest Market by End-user Industry
53.97 %
value share, Building and Construction, 2023
In the United Kingdom, building and construction is the dominant end-user industry owing to the wide range of sealant applications, including joint sealing, heat insulation, glazing, façade, and others.
Fastest Growing Market by End-user Industry
5.50 %
Projected CAGR, Healthcare, 2024-2028
Due to the increasing healthcare expenditure and rising investment in tissue engineering and medical device production, healthcare is projected to be the fastest-growing end-user industry in the country.
Largest Market by Resin
42.94 %
value share, Silicone, 2023
Silicone sealant is the major resin-based sealant owing to its largest application share in the building and construction industry for both interior and exterior applications.
Fastest Growing Market by Resin
6.07 %
Projected CAGR, Silicone, 2024-2028
Due to its sheer strength and high impact resistance abilities and wide usage in building and construction and healthcare end-user, silicone sealant is registered to be the fastest-growing resin in the UK sealant market.
Leading Market Player
15.78 %
market share, Sika AG, 2021
Sika is the top player in the sealants market in the United Kingdom owing to its wide range of products offered through various sales and distribution networks. The company holds a dominant position in polyurethane and silicone sealants that are mainly used for construction and automotive applications.
United Kingdom's electronics market to augment the demand for sealants in the forecast period
- The UK sealants market is largely driven by the construction industry, followed by other end-user industries due to diverse applications of sealants in building and construction activities, such as waterproofing, weather-sealing, cracks-sealing, and joint-sealing. The construction industry registered about 6% of gross value added to the economy of the United Kingdom in 2019. However, construction of new work for housing decreased by 20.7% in 2020 due to COVID-19 restrictions and scarcity of raw materials, which was restored in 2021, thus, increasing the sealants demand across the country.
- Other end-user industries will likely obtain the second largest market share in the UK sealants market owing to the diverse applications in the electronics and electrical equipment manufacturing industry for potting and protecting materials. The UK electronics market is expected to showcase an annual growth rate of 7.26% in the coming years, which will increase demand for sealants. Moreover, the rapid growth of e-commerce activities and the strong market positioning of the consumer electronics segment would like to propel the UK sealants market. In addition, sustainable growth of the locomotive, marine, and DIY industries would like to foster the demand for sealants in the United Kingdom during the forecast period.
- Sealants have considerable applications in the healthcare industry, in which the United Kingdom has achieved significant development over the decades. Sealants are used in healthcare mostly for assembling and sealing medical device parts. Increasing demand for electric vehicles due to favorable government policies and consumer preferences for lightweight vehicles will gradually influence the demand for sealants.
United Kingdom Sealants Market Trends
Rising investments in housing and infrastructure by the government to boost the construction industry
- The United Kingdom is one of the largest construction markets in Europe. In 2020, the UK construction market contracted by 19.5% due to the COVID pandemic. The number of new homes registered to be built in the United Kingdom declined by 23.2% in 2020, falling to 123,151 homes. There were 115,455 new homes completed, 23% down from the previous year because of COVID-19 in the country. However, in 2021, the construction market recovered and registered a growth rate of 4.7% compared to the same period in 2020. The National House Building Council (NHBC) announced 153,339 new home registrations in 2021, a 25% increase compared to 2020.
- Private sector registrations are the key driver in the United Kingdom, and registrations rose from 80,475 in 2020 to 114,477 in 2021, an increase of more than 40%. In contrast, new home registrations in the rental sector decreased by 8% from 42,460 in 2020 to 38,862 in 2021 due to the deflection of Housing Association capital budgets toward building safety remediation on existing housing stock.
- The annual construction output increased by a record 12.7% in 2021 compared to 2020, mainly due to the pandemic contributing to a very weak 2020. The total new orders for construction increased by 9.2% (EUR1,121 million) in Q4 2021 compared to Q3 2021. The total construction output (seasonally adjusted) grew by 2.0% (EUR 281 million) in December 2021 compared to November 2021.
- To provide better infrastructure to the population across the country, the government has planned to invest 1-2% of its GDP in construction and infrastructure between 2020 and 2050 as part of the National Productivity Investment Fund (NPIF). Therefore, all the abovementioned factors are likely to impact the market studied.
In addition to eco-friendly transportation by 2030, electric vehicle registrations growth is likely to propel the automotive production
- The UK automotive industry is a vital part of the UK economy, worth more than EUR 60.2 billion in turnover and adding EUR 11.9 billion value to the UK economy. However, in 2020, the automotive vehicle production in the country reduced by 29.5% compared to the same period in 2019, as the UK automotive sector faced some of the biggest challenges in its history while responding to the COVID-19 pandemic and repositioning for Brexit implications.
- After contracting by 29.5% in 2020, British automotive vehicle production further declined by 4.7% in 2021, as the semiconductor shortage severely affected production. New car registrations decreased 34% Y-o-Y in September 2021, which is excepted to affect the UK sealants market in the future.
- The United Kingdom is planning to phase out gasoline and diesel vehicles to promote the transition to more eco-friendly transportation by 2030. The country also planned an investment of over GBP 1.8 billion in infrastructure and grants to expand access to zero-emission vehicles and support a green economic recovery, thereby increasing the demand for the electric vehicles market in the country.
- The total number of BEV, PHEV, and HEV registrations in the United Kingdom accounted for 452,527 in 2021, registering a growth rate of 58.7% Y-o-Y, compared to 285,199 registrations in 2020. Out of total registrations in 2021 (with percentage Y-o-Y change), 190,727 (76.3%) were BEVs, 114,554 (70.6%) were PHEVs, and 147,246 (34.0%) were HEVs. In 2021, BEV, PHEV, and HEV captured around 27.5% share of total car registrations in the country.
OTHER KEY INDUSTRY TRENDS COVERED IN THE REPORT
- Being the second largest aerospace sector in the world and with forecast of around 10% market share by 2030, United Kingdom aerospace sector is expected to increase
United Kingdom Sealants Industry Overview
The United Kingdom Sealants Market is moderately consolidated, with the top five companies occupying 41.26%. The major players in this market are Arkema Group, Dow, Henkel AG & Co. KGaA, Sika AG and Soudal Holding N.V. (sorted alphabetically).
United Kingdom Sealants Market Leaders
Arkema Group
Dow
Henkel AG & Co. KGaA
Sika AG
Soudal Holding N.V.
Other important companies include 3M, Adshead Ratcliffe & Co Ltd., Hodgson Sealants, MAPEI S.p.A., RPM International Inc..
*Disclaimer: Major Players sorted in alphabetical order.
United Kingdom Sealants Market News
- January 2020: Hodgson Sealants launched a new product, HYSPEC 25 in Action, under its umbrella of hybrid sealants. The product has numerous applications in the construction industry.
- April 2019: Dow completed the separation of its Material Science division through a spin-off of Dow Inc.
Free with this Report
We provide a complimentary and exhaustive set of data points on global and regional metrics that present the fundamental structure of the industry. Presented in the form of 24+ free charts, the section covers rare data on various end-user production trends including automobile production, newly built construction floor area, packaging production, aircraft deliveries, footwear production, and regional data on adhesives and sealants demand, etc.
United Kingdom Sealants Market Report - Table of Contents
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY & KEY FINDINGS
REPORT OFFERS
1. INTRODUCTION
1.1. Study Assumptions & Market Definition
1.2. Scope of the Study
1.3. Research Methodology
2. KEY INDUSTRY TRENDS
2.1. End User Trends
2.1.1. Aerospace
2.1.2. Automotive
2.1.3. Building and Construction
2.2. Regulatory Framework
2.2.1. United Kingdom
2.3. Value Chain & Distribution Channel Analysis
3. MARKET SEGMENTATION (includes market size in Value in USD and Volume, Forecasts up to 2028 and analysis of growth prospects)
3.1. End User Industry
3.1.1. Aerospace
3.1.2. Automotive
3.1.3. Building and Construction
3.1.4. Healthcare
3.1.5. Other End-user Industries
3.2. Resin
3.2.1. Acrylic
3.2.2. Epoxy
3.2.3. Polyurethane
3.2.4. Silicone
3.2.5. Other Resins
4. COMPETITIVE LANDSCAPE
4.1. Key Strategic Moves
4.2. Market Share Analysis
4.3. Company Landscape
4.4. Company Profiles (includes Global Level Overview, Market Level Overview, Core Business Segments, Financials, Headcount, Key Information, Market Rank, Market Share, Products and Services, and Analysis of Recent Developments).
4.4.1. 3M
4.4.2. Adshead Ratcliffe & Co Ltd.
4.4.3. Arkema Group
4.4.4. Dow
4.4.5. Henkel AG & Co. KGaA
4.4.6. Hodgson Sealants
4.4.7. MAPEI S.p.A.
4.4.8. RPM International Inc.
4.4.9. Sika AG
4.4.10. Soudal Holding N.V.
5. KEY STRATEGIC QUESTIONS FOR ADHESIVES AND SEALANTS CEOS
6. APPENDIX
6.1. Global Adhesives and Sealants Industry Overview
6.1.1. Overview
6.1.2. Porter’s Five Forces Framework (Industry Attractiveness Analysis)
6.1.3. Global Value Chain Analysis
6.1.4. Drivers, Restraints, and Opportunities
6.2. Sources & References
6.3. List of Tables & Figures
6.4. Primary Insights
6.5. Data Pack
6.6. Glossary of Terms
List of Tables & Figures
- Figure 1:
- VOLUME OF AIRCRAFTS DELIVERED, UNITS, UNITED KINGDOM, 2017-2028
- Figure 2:
- PRODUCTION VOLUME OF AUTOMOBILES, UNITS, UNITED KINGDOM, 2017-2028
- Figure 3:
- FLOOR AREA OF NEW CONSTRUCTION, SQUARE FEET, UNITED KINGDOM, 2017-2028
- Figure 4:
- VOLUME OF SEALANTS CONSUMED, KILOGRAM, UNITED KINGDOM, 2017 - 2028
- Figure 5:
- VALUE OF SEALANTS CONSUMED, USD, UNITED KINGDOM, 2017 - 2028
- Figure 6:
- VOLUME OF SEALANTS CONSUMED BY END USER INDUSTRY, KILOGRAM, UNITED KINGDOM, 2017 - 2028
- Figure 7:
- VALUE OF SEALANTS CONSUMED BY END USER INDUSTRY, USD, UNITED KINGDOM, 2017 - 2028
- Figure 8:
- VOLUME SHARE OF SEALANTS CONSUMED BY END USER INDUSTRY, %, UNITED KINGDOM, 2016 VS 2022 VS 2028
- Figure 9:
- VALUE SHARE OF SEALANTS CONSUMED BY END USER INDUSTRY, %, UNITED KINGDOM, 2016 VS 2022 VS 2028
- Figure 10:
- VOLUME OF SEALANTS CONSUMED IN AEROSPACE INDUSTRY, KILOGRAM, UNITED KINGDOM, 2017 - 2028
- Figure 11:
- VALUE OF SEALANTS CONSUMED IN AEROSPACE INDUSTRY, USD, UNITED KINGDOM, 2017 - 2028
- Figure 12:
- VALUE SHARE OF SEALANTS CONSUMED IN AEROSPACE INDUSTRY BY RESIN, %, UNITED KINGDOM, 2021 VS 2028
- Figure 13:
- VOLUME OF SEALANTS CONSUMED IN AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRY, KILOGRAM, UNITED KINGDOM, 2017 - 2028
- Figure 14:
- VALUE OF SEALANTS CONSUMED IN AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRY, USD, UNITED KINGDOM, 2017 - 2028
- Figure 15:
- VALUE SHARE OF SEALANTS CONSUMED IN AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRY BY RESIN, %, UNITED KINGDOM, 2021 VS 2028
- Figure 16:
- VOLUME OF SEALANTS CONSUMED IN BUILDING AND CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY, KILOGRAM, UNITED KINGDOM, 2017 - 2028
- Figure 17:
- VALUE OF SEALANTS CONSUMED IN BUILDING AND CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY, USD, UNITED KINGDOM, 2017 - 2028
- Figure 18:
- VALUE SHARE OF SEALANTS CONSUMED IN BUILDING AND CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY BY RESIN, %, UNITED KINGDOM, 2021 VS 2028
- Figure 19:
- VOLUME OF SEALANTS CONSUMED IN HEALTHCARE INDUSTRY, KILOGRAM, UNITED KINGDOM, 2017 - 2028
- Figure 20:
- VALUE OF SEALANTS CONSUMED IN HEALTHCARE INDUSTRY, USD, UNITED KINGDOM, 2017 - 2028
- Figure 21:
- VALUE SHARE OF SEALANTS CONSUMED IN HEALTHCARE INDUSTRY BY RESIN, %, UNITED KINGDOM, 2021 VS 2028
- Figure 22:
- VOLUME OF SEALANTS CONSUMED IN OTHER END-USER INDUSTRIES INDUSTRY, KILOGRAM, UNITED KINGDOM, 2017 - 2028
- Figure 23:
- VALUE OF SEALANTS CONSUMED IN OTHER END-USER INDUSTRIES INDUSTRY, USD, UNITED KINGDOM, 2017 - 2028
- Figure 24:
- VALUE SHARE OF SEALANTS CONSUMED IN OTHER END-USER INDUSTRIES INDUSTRY BY RESIN, %, UNITED KINGDOM, 2021 VS 2028
- Figure 25:
- VOLUME OF SEALANTS CONSUMED BY RESIN, KILOGRAM, UNITED KINGDOM, 2017 - 2028
- Figure 26:
- VALUE OF SEALANTS CONSUMED BY RESIN, USD, UNITED KINGDOM, 2017 - 2028
- Figure 27:
- VOLUME SHARE OF SEALANTS CONSUMED BY RESIN, %, UNITED KINGDOM, 2016 VS 2022 VS 2028
- Figure 28:
- VALUE SHARE OF SEALANTS CONSUMED BY RESIN, %, UNITED KINGDOM, 2016 VS 2022 VS 2028
- Figure 29:
- VOLUME OF ACRYLIC SEALANTS CONSUMED, KILOGRAM, UNITED KINGDOM, 2017 - 2028
- Figure 30:
- VALUE OF ACRYLIC SEALANTS CONSUMED, USD, UNITED KINGDOM, 2017 - 2028
- Figure 31:
- VALUE SHARE OF ACRYLIC SEALANTS CONSUMED BY END USER INDUSTRY, %, UNITED KINGDOM, 2021 VS 2028
- Figure 32:
- VOLUME OF EPOXY SEALANTS CONSUMED, KILOGRAM, UNITED KINGDOM, 2017 - 2028
- Figure 33:
- VALUE OF EPOXY SEALANTS CONSUMED, USD, UNITED KINGDOM, 2017 - 2028
- Figure 34:
- VALUE SHARE OF EPOXY SEALANTS CONSUMED BY END USER INDUSTRY, %, UNITED KINGDOM, 2021 VS 2028
- Figure 35:
- VOLUME OF POLYURETHANE SEALANTS CONSUMED, KILOGRAM, UNITED KINGDOM, 2017 - 2028
- Figure 36:
- VALUE OF POLYURETHANE SEALANTS CONSUMED, USD, UNITED KINGDOM, 2017 - 2028
- Figure 37:
- VALUE SHARE OF POLYURETHANE SEALANTS CONSUMED BY END USER INDUSTRY, %, UNITED KINGDOM, 2021 VS 2028
- Figure 38:
- VOLUME OF SILICONE SEALANTS CONSUMED, KILOGRAM, UNITED KINGDOM, 2017 - 2028
- Figure 39:
- VALUE OF SILICONE SEALANTS CONSUMED, USD, UNITED KINGDOM, 2017 - 2028
- Figure 40:
- VALUE SHARE OF SILICONE SEALANTS CONSUMED BY END USER INDUSTRY, %, UNITED KINGDOM, 2021 VS 2028
- Figure 41:
- VOLUME OF OTHER RESINS SEALANTS CONSUMED, KILOGRAM, UNITED KINGDOM, 2017 - 2028
- Figure 42:
- VALUE OF OTHER RESINS SEALANTS CONSUMED, USD, UNITED KINGDOM, 2017 - 2028
- Figure 43:
- VALUE SHARE OF OTHER RESINS SEALANTS CONSUMED BY END USER INDUSTRY, %, UNITED KINGDOM, 2021 VS 2028
- Figure 44:
- MOST ACTIVE COMPANIES BY NUMBER OF STRATEGIC MOVES, UNITED KINGDOM, 2019 - 2021
- Figure 45:
- MOST ADOPTED STRATEGIES, COUNT, UNITED KINGDOM, 2019 - 2021
- Figure 46:
- REVENUE SHARE OF SEALANTS BY MAJOR PLAYERS, %, UNITED KINGDOM, 2021
United Kingdom Sealants Industry Segmentation
Aerospace, Automotive, Building and Construction, Healthcare are covered as segments by End User Industry. Acrylic, Epoxy, Polyurethane, Silicone are covered as segments by Resin.
- The UK sealants market is largely driven by the construction industry, followed by other end-user industries due to diverse applications of sealants in building and construction activities, such as waterproofing, weather-sealing, cracks-sealing, and joint-sealing. The construction industry registered about 6% of gross value added to the economy of the United Kingdom in 2019. However, construction of new work for housing decreased by 20.7% in 2020 due to COVID-19 restrictions and scarcity of raw materials, which was restored in 2021, thus, increasing the sealants demand across the country.
- Other end-user industries will likely obtain the second largest market share in the UK sealants market owing to the diverse applications in the electronics and electrical equipment manufacturing industry for potting and protecting materials. The UK electronics market is expected to showcase an annual growth rate of 7.26% in the coming years, which will increase demand for sealants. Moreover, the rapid growth of e-commerce activities and the strong market positioning of the consumer electronics segment would like to propel the UK sealants market. In addition, sustainable growth of the locomotive, marine, and DIY industries would like to foster the demand for sealants in the United Kingdom during the forecast period.
- Sealants have considerable applications in the healthcare industry, in which the United Kingdom has achieved significant development over the decades. Sealants are used in healthcare mostly for assembling and sealing medical device parts. Increasing demand for electric vehicles due to favorable government policies and consumer preferences for lightweight vehicles will gradually influence the demand for sealants.
End User Industry | |
Aerospace | |
Automotive | |
Building and Construction | |
Healthcare | |
Other End-user Industries |
Resin | |
Acrylic | |
Epoxy | |
Polyurethane | |
Silicone | |
Other Resins |
Market Definition
- End-user Industry - Building & Construction, Automotive, Aerospace, Healthcare, and Others are the end-user industries considered under the sealants market.
- Product - All sealant products are considered in the market studied
- Resin - Under the scope of the study, resins like Polyurethane, Epoxy, Acrylic, Silicone, and Others are considered
- Technology - For the purpose of this study, One component and Two component sealant technologies are taken into consideration.
Keyword | Definition |
---|---|
Hot-melt Adhesive | Hot melt adhesives are generally 100% solid formulations, based on thermoplastic polymers. They are solid at room temperature and are activated upon heating above their softening point, at which stage they are liquid, and hence, can be processed. |
Reactive Adhesive | A reactive adhesive is made up of monomers that react in the adhesive curing process and do not evaporate from the film during use. Instead, these volatile components become chemically incorporated into the adhesive. |
Solvent-borne Adhesive | Solvent-borne adhesives are mixtures of solvents and thermoplastic, or slightly cross-linked polymers, such as polychloroprene, polyurethane, acrylic, silicone, and natural and synthetic rubbers (elastomers). |
Water-borne Adhesive | Water-borne adhesives use water as a carrier or diluting medium to disperse a resin. They are set by allowing the water to evaporate or be absorbed by the substrate. These adhesives are compounded with water as a diluent, rather than a volatile organic solvent. |
UV Cured Adhesive | UV curing adhesives induce curing and create a permanent bond without heating by using ultraviolet (UV) light or other radiation sources. An aggregation of monomers and oligomers is cured or polymerized by ultraviolet (UV) or visible light in a UV adhesive. Because UV is a radiating energy source, UV adhesives are often referred to as radiation curing or rad-cure adhesives. |
Heat-resistant Adhesive | Heat-resistant Adhesives refer to those that do not break down under high temperatures. One aspect of a complicated system of circumstances is the adhesive's capacity to withstand disintegration brought on by high temperatures. As the temperature rises, adhesives may liquefy. They can withstand stresses resulting from differing coefficients of expansion and contraction, which might be an additional advantage. |
Reshoring | Reshoring is the practice of moving commodity production and manufacturing back to the nation where the business was founded. Onshoring, inshoring, and back shoring are further terms used. Offshoring, the practice of producing items abroad to lower labor and manufacturing costs, is the opposite of this. |
Oleochemicals | Oleochemicals are compounds produced from biological oils or fats. They resemble petrochemicals, which are substances made from petroleum. The oleochemical business is built on the hydrolysis of oils or fats. |
Nonporous Materials | Nonporous materials are substances that do not permit the passage of liquid or air. Nonporous materials are those that are not porous, such as glass, plastic, metal, and varnished wood. Since no air can get through, less airflow is required to raise these materials, negating the requirement for high airflow. |
EU-Vietnam Free Trade Agreement | A trade agreement and an investment protection agreement were concluded between the European Union and Vietnam on June 30, 2019. |
VOC content | Compounds with limited solubility in water and high vapor pressure are known as Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs). Many VOCs are human-made chemicals that are used and produced in the manufacture of paints, pharmaceuticals, and refrigerants. |
Emulsion Polymerization | Emulsion polymerization is a method of producing polymers or connected groups of smaller chemical chains known as monomers, in a water solution. The method is often used to make water-based paints, adhesives, and varnishes, in which the water stays with the polymer and is marketed as a liquid product. |
2025 National Packaging Targets | In 2018, the Australian Environment Ministry set the following 2025 National Packaging Targets: 100% of the packaging must be reusable, recyclable, or compostable by 2025, 70% of plastic packaging must be recycled or composted by 2025, 50% of average recycled content must be included in packaging by 2025, and problematic and unnecessary single-use plastic packaging must be phased out by 2025. |
Russian Government’s Import Substitution Policy | The Western sanctions suspended the distribution of several high-tech items to Russia, including those required by the raw material export sectors and the military-industrial complex. In response, the government launched an "import substitution" scheme, appointing a special commission to oversee its implementation in early 2015. |
Paper Substrate | Paper substrates are paper sheets, reels, or boards with a base weight of up to 400 g/m2 that has not been converted, printed or otherwise altered. |
Insulation Material | A material that inhibits or blocks heat, sound, or electrical transmission is known as Insulation Material. The variety of insulation materials includes thick fibers like fiberglass, rock and slag wool, cellulose, and natural fibers as well as stiff foam boards and sleek foils. |
Thermal Shock | A temperature change known as thermal shock generates stress in a material. It commonly results in material breakdown and is especially prevalent in brittle materials like ceramics. When there is a quick temperature change, either from hot to cold or vice versa, this process occurs abruptly. It occurs more frequently in materials with poor heat conductivity and insufficient structural integrity. |
Research Methodology
Mordor Intelligence follows a four-step methodology in all our reports.
- Step-1: Identify Key Variables: The quantifiable key variables (industry and extraneous) pertaining to the specific product segment and country are selected from a group of relevant variables & factors based on desk research & literature review; along with primary expert inputs. These variables are further confirmed through regression modeling (wherever required).
- Step-2: Build a Market Model: In order to build a robust forecasting methodology, the variables and factors identified in Step-1 are tested against available historical market numbers. Through an iterative process, the variables required for market forecast are set and the model is built on the basis of these variables.
- Step-3: Validate and Finalize: In this important step, all market numbers, variables and analyst calls are validated through an extensive network of primary research experts from the market studied. The respondents are selected across levels and functions to generate a holistic picture of the market studied.
- Step-4: Research Outputs: Syndicated Reports, Custom Consulting Assignments, Databases & Subscription Platforms