Market Trends of indonesia fertilizer Industry
Indonesia is aiming for the self-sufficiency driving the area under cultivation
- In Indonesia, field crops accounted for 89.9% of the total cultivated area in 2022. Rice, corn, cassava, soybeans, and peanuts are major field crops grown in Indonesia. In 2022, rice accounted for 56.7% of the total area under field crops. Rice is cultivated in both lowland and upland elevations throughout Indonesia, with the upland crop typically being rainfed and receiving only low levels of fertilizer applications. Rice cultivation is heavily concentrated in Java but is also prevalent in Sumatra and Sulawesi. These three islands together contribute about 89% of total national rice production. There are typically three rice growing periods or seasons in Indonesia, a single wet-season crop followed by two dry-season crops. Approximately 45% of total production is usually from the wet season crop, cultivated from October to December and harvested from March through April.
- Corn is the second largely cultivated crop in Indonesia after paddy, occupying about 10.8% of agricultural land. Corn is the staple foodstuff in Indonesia for more than 18 million people and is grown by more than 10 million farm households. Corn production was concentrated in various regions, including Jawa Tengah (16% of total corn production), Lampung (9% of total corn production), Sulawesi Selatan (8% of total corn production), and Sumatera Utara (7% of total corn production) in 2022.
- Despite being the world's largest rice producer, Indonesia imported approximately 500,000 tons of rice in 2022 from countries like Thailand, Vietnam, India, and Pakistan. In a bid to bolster self-sufficiency and curb imports, Indonesia's focus on enhancing productivity is set to propel its fertilizers market.
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Among all the primary nutrients, nitrogen is applied in a higher quantity in field crops
- Nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium are the primary nutrients crucial for plant growth. Nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) are key components of proteins and nucleic acids, integral to plant tissues. Meanwhile, potassium (K) plays a pivotal role in enhancing the quality of harvested plant products. In Indonesia, the prominent field crops are rice, wheat, soybean, and corn. On average, these crops receive nutrient application rates of 223.8 kg/ha for nitrogen, 57.3 kg/ha for phosphorus, and 88.0 kg/ha for potassium.
- Out of the primary nutrients, nitrogen sees the highest application rate, averaging 223.8 kg/ha for field crops. Nitrogenous fertilizers, when appropriately used, contribute to improved grain quality, accelerated shoot growth, and the production of robust flower buds. Early-stage nitrogen fertilization also stimulates tillering and boosts crop yields. Phosphorus, with an application rate of 57.3 kg/ha in 2022, ranks second among the primary nutrients. It plays a vital role in the development of cereal crops, aiding in early root growth, tiller formation, and grain filling.
- In 2022, field crops in Indonesia received an average potassium application rate of 88.0 kg/ha. Potassium deficiency symptoms are first visible on the lower leaves, as potassium is easily translocated from older to younger leaves within the plant. These symptoms manifest as yellowing, progressing to necrosis (tissue death) along the outer leaf margins, starting from the tip and moving toward the base. The absence of primary nutrients can significantly impact plant health, growth, and crop yield. Given the expanding harvested area for major food crops, the demand for primary nutrients in field crops is poised to rise.
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OTHER KEY INDUSTRY TRENDS COVERED IN THE REPORT
- West Java is Indonesia's most important vegetable-producing province, accounting for about a quarter of the national vegetable production
- Manganese is the most-applied micronutrient fertilizer in the country
- Secondary micronutrient deficiencies are becoming an increasingly important factor in intensive crop production systems
- Multi-stakeholders, such as the government, farmers, water user associations (WUA), and local research institutions, are working together on the modernization of irrigation systems in Indonesia
- The shift towards sustainable agriculture and the need for ideal micronutrient levels in the soil drive the market
- The primary nutrients contribute to the production of high-quality fruits and vegetables
- Secondary macronutrient deficiency can significantly impact vegetable production, resulting in reduced crop yield or plant quality
